The image of a Southern belle is often characterized by fashion elements such as a hoop skirt, a corset, pantalettes, a wide-brimmed straw hat, and gloves. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. To capitalize or not to capitalize "southern" California [duplicate]. Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Are seasons capitalized or not? Here Chemistry and Spanish are the proper nouns. What states in the US are consider southern states? I wanted to know how to write Southeast Albania correctly (proof reading). These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. When proofreading or editing documents, we often find that writers are confused about when to capitalize these terms. In terms of "human geography", the regions and their subregions are elucidated by the ethnography discipline. If it's a name, it's a proper noun. There may be disagreement about where the border of Southern California begins, just as there was and is about the border of the Wild West, but the fact that the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Orange County, and San Diego are all located in Southern California is beyond debate. The following formal names of specific degrees should always be capitalized in AP style: As you can see, master's degrees are capitalized when abbreviated. Common nouns are the names of things. Q. Hello! Currently, Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary capitalizes Midwesterner, Northerner, Southerner, and Westerner, while Websters New World College Dictionary and The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language only capitalize Midwesterner and allow northerner, southerner, and westerner to be capitalized or lowercased.7. I is always capitalized, along with all its contractions. Why do many companies reject expired SSL certificates as bugs in bug bounties? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The street is named Bolton Avenue. The North, The East, The South, and The West. So, should you capitalize regions when writing? Some authorities also capitalize titles if they immediately follow the name without the word "the.". NOTE: When terms like western region and southern district are used to name organizational units within a company, capitalize them. I tried to describe the difference in my answer below. Of course, as with other nouns, they should be capitalized at the beginning of sentences and in titles. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as the southern winds, then the word southern should be lowercase. Should I capitalize "the north" and "the south" in my work on the southern campaign of the Revolutionary war? Drive south for five miles. The correct answer is option C. In option A, the word Chemistry is only capitalized leaving the other proper noun in lower case. The English language has grammar and usage rules by the boatload. The pastor prayed that God should deliver us from our sins. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. The same rule applies for specific regions when you add -ern onto the end of a direction. Title Case Capitalization (APA 7th) Sentence Case Capitalization (APA 7th) How do I connect these two faces together? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Here are some rules to follow. Likewise, capitalize terms such as "Native American," "Hispanic," and so on. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest). The administration's solution: Ease credit for riskier borrowers. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Names of regions should be capitalized if those are proper nouns or denote a country, city, continent, etc. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. The AP Stylebook, which is the guiding stylebook for a number of news organizations, including The Daily Tar Heel, advises against using the Oxford comma in most basic series. When does a locational distinction change its suffix and capitialization in a proper name? For example: When words such as "northern", "southern", "western", and "eastern" precede a region or place's name, do not capitalize them as they are only indicating a general location in a region. Southern belle (from French belle 'beautiful') is a colloquialism for a debutante in the planter class of the Antebellum South. Which sentence is capitalized correctly I learned that Thor? The Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago style) suggests lowercasing terms like midwesterner, northerner, southerner, and westerner, except when referencing the Civil War, in which case Northerner and Southerner should be capitalized:6. But in other cases, it is more a matter of convention and habit. Others may argue that the word simply denotes the direction of the region the individual lives and must not have the capital letter. If the is used, use Prime Minister. Do you know "what is the Western Hemisphere?" when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Is Grandma a well-behaved woman? Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This confusion can also be attributed to the fact that certain region names have direction names in their official names, such as "the Middle East". If these geographic areas are part of a name, however, such as "River Thames", capitalize the term. Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. If you think southern California has properties which one ordinarily associates with countries or states, or at least you want to convey that this is so, then you should use the capitalization ordinarily used for names of countries or states. If states is being referred to in a general manner, such as There are two senators for each state, then the word states would remain lower case. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. Have you ever visited the Western United States? @EdwinAshworth I didn't notice any argument in his answer at all. You have entered an incorrect email address! Rule 1. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The key factor here is that were using these words descriptively (i.e., to specify the direction or location of something), not to name something. The plant common name has to conform to the rules of English, however, so if there's a proper noun in the common name, it must be capitalized. Our primary dictionaries, Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Websters New World College Dictionary, and The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language all capitalize U.S. geographic regions when used as adjectives or indicate that these adjectives are typically capitalized.4, Like adjectives, the decision to capitalize or lowercase geographic populations in the United States will depend on your style guide. Only when it's very apparent or writing the direction names in small letters looks completely off, capitalize them. Words such as one, it, its, its, him, and own should all be capitalized no matter where they appear in a title. Here Carlotta is the name hence it needs to be in capital and I, Halloween should be capitalized. Note that exceptions based on specific regional, political, or historical contexts are inevitable and that an author's strong preference should usually be respected. Knowing whether to capitalize directional adjectives can be challenging. But the AP Stylebook says to always capitalize "Southern" when referring to "the South" in the United States, regardless of whether you're discussing the Civil War. It might be amusing to look for instances of "southern Southern California" or "northern Southern California". Here are the types of words that should be capitalized: Proper nouns. Are both letters capitalized in state abbreviations? Use lower case for generic or plural references. It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". However, capitalization may depend on the style guide you're using. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Sallie Ward, a Southern belle. Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. It does not store any personal data. Is summer a good time? For example, Silicon Valley isn't a proprietary name or legally defined area, but it receives initial caps anyway. You should always capitalize Southerner since it refers to a group of people who are proper nouns. (I have no authority for this opinion, other than my intuition as an English speaker. You should read both Western and Eastern philosophy. AP Style states that when referring to the names of a nation, directions should . Phil Jamieson Feb 16, 2010 5:00:00 AM. South-Eastern Albania? Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. As explained in the post, there is no need to capitalize these words when used generically (only when they're part of a proper noun). This is known as 'title case'. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Erin Wright with appropriate and specific direction to the original content. When north, south, east, and west refer to generic directions (i.e., the points of the compass), they are not capitalized: The master bedroom is in the east wing of the mansion. Just make sure you are consistent with the letter case. However, in certain pairings, the common noun appears after a name or proper noun for instance, "the Highlands Region". Should Southern colonies be capitalized? By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. By attaching itself to a common object, the language or country name takes on a new meaning. The Content Authority is where you will find great content, written by amazing writers, around topics like grammar, writing, publishing, and marketing. Circling back to the "title" rule, if the headline is in sentence case and the word "region" is not the starting word of the title, "region" should be written in lowercase. Whether youre writing an essay, email, or cover letter, youll likely use parentheses. I have published a variety of other capitalization posts related to time periods, geographic features, people, and product names. By prevailing usage, roughly the most southerly one-third or two-fifths of California is referred to as Southern California, in initial caps. Before capitalizing words like east, west, north, and south, check whether you are using them as part of a proper noun or merely to refer to direction or location.Don't capitalize directions (we sailed due east) and locations (western India), but do capitalize compass points when they occur in proper nouns (North Korea, South Sudan, East Dunbartonshire, the Great Western Plains). Be consistent (e.g., dont use south England in one part of a document and South England in another if youre referring to the same place). Dont capitalize the word when it precedes the states name unless its included in a states title. In what contexts would I capitalize "city" and "county"? If youre referring to a specific location, such as the southern winds, southern should be lowercase. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous Midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. Unless you are referring to the Four Seasons, there is no reason for seasons to . Capitalizing southern and capitalizing south have the same rules. Names of racial and ethnic groups are treated as proper nouns, which means they are capitalized (e.g., African American, Asian American, Black, European American, First Nations, Hispanic, Native American, Latinx, White). When used to refer to direction and location, dont capitalize the names of directions like north, south, east, or west; however, when they appear in the names of places and regions, do capitalize these words. proofreading, Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. Explanation: Because, Pisces is a noun. Whichever version you use, then, we'd suggest not capitalizing the direction, just the country name. West is directly opposite east. ANS: Demand, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. In other words, capitalize words such as Mother, Father, Grandmother, Grandfather, Son, Daughter, and Sis when they are used in place of the persons name. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go north on I-90," then you should keep north lowercase. Here is part of that discussion: 8.46 Regions of the world and national regions. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. If youre referring to a specific location, such as the western winds, western should be lowercase. When using a U.S. geographic region as an adjective, the decision to capitalize or lowercase will depend on your style guide. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. Thank you. Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? In general, lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, etc., when they indicate compass direction. Hi, Victoria. In this particular sentence, I is capitalized because it is placed at the beginning of the sentence. Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? In case it's not obvious, I have a bachelor's in writing. EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. One reason partisans capitalize "White" or "Black" is to denote its importance in messages, even subliminally, magnified by lowercasing the "other." As always, we believe that labels can oversimplify, and that a specific description is better. Does Counterspell prevent from any further spells being cast on a given turn? The word should only be capitalized if it appears in the body's name. There's not enough context in your example to offer any solid advice (e.g., the "north" of where? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Is it Southern or Southern? The pronoun "I" Dont capitalize names of directions like north, south, east, and west when used to refer to direction and location, but do capitalize these words when they appear in the names of places and regions. Posted by Capitalize directions that are names; North, South, East, and West when used as sections of the country, but not as compass directions. The West Coast has beautiful scenery. They are written with capital letters. The basic guidelines for using capital letters in English appear simple enough: Capitalize the first word in a sentence. Titles should only be capitalized if they precede a proper name when used as part of the name. Though a direction is a general noun, it could at times be not that straightforward to ascertain whether it's a common noun or a proper noun. When in doubt, lowercase. You should capitalize the words East Coast when referring to a specific region, such as Im traveling to the East Coast, because East Coast is a proper noun in this case. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated (except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah). So, option 2 is correct. Which sentence is capitalized correctly on a cloudless night? Most style guides say that compass points and the terms derived from them are lowercased if they just mean direction or location. are widely recognized as popular names and are thus capitalized. In other words, when the word "region" is a part of a name or is being specific in its meaning, the word is capitalized. I live to the west of Detroit Michigan. The term "region" is a general noun, and it's usually not capitalized, as a result. The first instance of when "global" should be capitalized is when used as the first word in a sentence. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. As an aside, when we toured through the San Francisco Peninsula earlier this year, our guide told us that the natives generally didn't like the name 'Silicon Valley'. Similarly, the European Union is an assortment of multiple countries. Racial and ethnic groups are designated by proper nouns and are capitalized. southern Atlanta; But capitalize compass points when part of a proper name. To summarize the advice above, we suggest: However, capitalization may depend on the style guide youre using. Words Which Should Not Be Capitalized in a Title. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. Capitalize these words when they designate regions. Should north East south West be capitalized? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I guess you're saying that it's always okay to break any principle if you really want to, because CMOS says so. Most style guides recommend capitalizing "West Coast" when referring to the western seaboard of the U.S. hi, should i capitalize 'west' in 'west Africa' or 'north' in north Africa'? In general, midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. Do you capitalize the word state when referring to a state? Is north capitalized there? Todays post explains when to capitalize geographic regions in the United States. 6 Does the word federal need to be capitalized? The water and land global areas are further divided into subregions bounded by huge geographical features influencing large-scale ecologies. Names of people People's names are proper nouns, and therefore should be capitalized. However, when giving an address, or in tables or other uses in which space is limited, use the US Postal Services symbol system, which consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are always capitalized and no periods are used (for example, NY for New York). The periods are omitted in headlines. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. the Deep South. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved